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Mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫字符集問題

來源:h4ck0ne 發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-12-08 11:39:34 閱讀量:1164

修改mysql數(shù)據(jù)庫的默認(rèn)編碼方式


修改my.ini文件


加上


default-character-set=gb2312


設(shè)定數(shù)據(jù)庫字符集


alter database da_name default character set 'charset'


1)設(shè)置數(shù)據(jù)庫編碼 /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

default-character-set=gbk


...

[client]

default-character-set=gbk


---------------------------------------


2)按字符集導(dǎo)出

$mysqldump -u root -p dbname --default-character-set=gbk > a.sql;



3)查看SQL文件的編碼

[root@localhost gethtml]# file a.sql

   a.sql: UTF-8 Unicode ...

[root@localhost gethtml]# iconv -f utf-8 -t gbk a.sql > a2.sql

[root@localhost gethtml]# file a2.sql

   a2.sql: Non-ISO extended-ASCII English text 這時(shí)已經(jīng)是gbk的編碼了


3)導(dǎo)入

查看數(shù)據(jù)庫服務(wù)和客戶端字符集

mysql> status;

Server characterset:    gbk

Db     characterset:      gbk

Client characterset:      latin1

Conn. characterset:     latin1



mysql> set names 'gbk';   //這樣


mysql> status;

Server characterset:   gbk

Db     characterset:     gbk

Client characterset:     gbk

Conn. characterset:    gbk


這時(shí)才能導(dǎo)數(shù)據(jù)

mysql> source a.sql;


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------


單獨(dú)設(shè)置某個(gè)數(shù)據(jù)庫:

alter database testdb character set utf8;


查看mysql支持的編碼:

show character set;



查看系統(tǒng)的字符集和排序方式的設(shè)定可以通過下面的兩條命令:


mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE ''character_set_%'';


LINUX 如下:


1)導(dǎo)出數(shù)據(jù)

[root@www.cnscn.org ~]$ mysqldump -u root -p dbname --default-character-set=gbk > base_user.sql;


2)查看導(dǎo)出的sql文件的編碼

[root@www.cnscn.org ~]$ file base_user.sql 

  base_user.sql: UTF-8 Unicode text, with very long lines


3)轉(zhuǎn)成要用的編碼

[root@www.cnscn.org ~]$ iconv -f utf-8 -t gbk base_user.sql >base_user_gbk.sql


4)連接數(shù)據(jù)庫并查看當(dāng)前庫的編碼

[root@www.cnscn.org ~]$ mysql -uroot

 mysql> use testdb;


mysql> status;

    Server characterset:    latin1

    Db     characterset:    gbk

    Client characterset:    latin1

    Conn. characterset:    latin1


5)設(shè)置成需要的編碼

mysql>set names 'gbk';


6)查看現(xiàn)在的編碼

mysql> status;

    Server characterset:    latin1

    Db     characterset:    gbk

    Client characterset:    gbk

    Conn. characterset:    gbk


7)導(dǎo)入我們轉(zhuǎn)換成gbk后的文件

mysql> source base_user_gbk.sql;


 


 


查看數(shù)據(jù)庫



查看數(shù)據(jù)庫字符編碼



通過MySQL命令行修改:(編碼可選)

mysql> set character_set_client=utf8;


mysql> set character_set_connection=utf8;


mysql> set character_set_database=utf8;


mysql> set character_set_results=utf8;


mysql> set character_set_server=utf8;


mysql> set character_set_system=utf8;


mysql> set collation_connection=utf8;


mysql> set collation_database=utf8;


mysql> set collation_server=utf8;




當(dāng)然還有:

修改數(shù)據(jù)庫的字符集mysql>use mydb


mysql>alter database mydb character set utf8;


8

創(chuàng)建數(shù)據(jù)庫指定數(shù)據(jù)庫的字符集


mysql>create database mydb character set utf8;


mysql將表的字符編碼轉(zhuǎn)換成utf-8


復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:



alter table tb_anniversary convert to character set utf8;


修改數(shù)據(jù)庫mysql字符編碼為UTF8


步驟1:查看當(dāng)前的字符編碼方法


復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:



mysql> show variables like'character%';


+--------------------------+----------------------------+


|Variable_name |Value |


+--------------------------+----------------------------+


|character_set_client |latin1 |


| character_set_connection |latin1 |


| character_set_database |latin1 |


| character_set_filesystem |binary |


|character_set_results |latin1 |


|character_set_server |latin1 |


|character_set_system |utf8 |


|character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |


+--------------------------+----------------------------+


8 rows in set (0.00 sec)


字符編碼為latin1時(shí),用戶在給數(shù)據(jù)表插入一條字符類型(char)的記錄,在顯示此記錄時(shí)可能會(huì)無法正常顯示字符類型的數(shù)據(jù),故此處我們將mysql字符編碼修改為UTF8。操作如下:


步驟2:修改my.cnf配置文件,修改后如下(/etc/my.cnf):


復(fù)制代碼 代碼如下:



[client]


#password = your_password


port = 3306


socket = /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock


default-character-set=utf8 #設(shè)置默認(rèn)編碼為UTF8




標(biāo)簽: 數(shù)據(jù)庫
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